Varicose veins or varicose veins is a chronic disease. One of the signs of varicose veins – varicose veins with simultaneous violation of the process of outflow of blood and stagnation of the venous system.
Varicose veins has its symptoms, that may develop under the influence of a number of reasons. This can be the characteristic bulge of the thick, winding, and large veins. Very often it happens in this varicose veins of the lower limbs.
In the initial stages of varicose vein disease, it is possible to make less of an intervention and use other methods of treatment. This allows the patient to significantly improve the state and stop the progression of the disease. Treatment of varicose veins without operation of apply and in the case where the surgery, for any reason, is contraindicated.
Varicose veins – pathologic local extension of the level of the veins. It is more common in the blood vessels of the lower limbs. Usually, varicose veins occurs because of a genetic predisposition, sedentary lifestyle, anatomical, violation of the valve unit of the veins.
In varicose veins considerably reduces the elasticity of the veins of the legs and the veins start to expand. In the same veins are the so-called shock absorbers which regulate the constant flow of blood. If everything works correctly, then there are no problems. In case of violation of work varicose veins. The valves are normally closed and delay the movement of blood to the heart. The pressure increases and pushes the blood of the large veins and more fine blood vessels. The system of thin veins is not suitable for such a pressure-traction and the destruction.
Become very obvious on the legs vascular, the capillaries dilated, represent a serious aesthetic problem. Varicose veins progresses, thin, loose, the veins become more pronounced, they acquire the characteristic blue color, thicken, and soon appear nodules.
Causes of varicose veins
There are many reasons for varicose veins increase the likelihood that the patient suffers from varicose veins:
- The inheritance genetics – relatives affected by varicose veins, a descendant could "take" of vienna, with a particular configuration (weakness of connective tissue, the imperfection of the valves, etc.); and then, without the continued observance of the preventive measures probably sooner or later will become a patient with a diagnosis of "varicose veins on the legs".
- Hormonal fluctuations, they are often women (menopause, menstruation, pregnancy, etc), which explains the apparent sexual selectivity of the disease; moreover, the risk of varicose veins increases, and the hormonal treatment – it is scientifically proven that in their female sex hormones and their substitutes greatly reduce the elasticity of the venous wall.
- Disorders of the nervous system, stress, depression – all of this translates into a reduction of the venous tone in the lower limbs;
- Pelvic inflammatory disease – these processes can not only lead to a hormonal imbalance, but also can damage the veins smaller;
- Low physical activity – with the time of vienna is compressed, it is compromised the circulation of the blood, gradually decreases the tone of the venous wall, and, finally, the blood begins to stagnate, and occurs varicose veins (today, doctors has also appeared as a technical term it – varicose veins, so the large number of patients, the cause of the disease, of which he became a sedentary job for a monitor flickering);
- High year – to him is attributed the weight lifting, excess weight, pregnancy, work, associated with a long-standing; therefore, it significantly increases the pressure in the veins, which risks the appearance of varicose veins;
- Flat foot;
- The habit always and everywhere to walk on errors of high heels;
- Constipation, by increasing the pressure in the abdominal cavity;
- A series of injuries and illnesses;
- Paul. The risk of the appearance of varicose veins in women is significantly higher.
- The structure of the body. From varicose veins are more likely to suffer from people of stature above the average.
The symptoms of varicose veins on the legs
Not to miss the moment of the onset of varicose veins on the legs, it is necessary to know the early symptoms and timely to take the right measures.
The main symptoms of varicose veins on the legs:
- Cause pain legs, burning sensation in the veins, a feeling of heat;
- Considerable heaviness in the legs (not to be confused with fatigue);
- The appearance of swelling in the legs. As a general rule, swelling appear in the evening;
- Leg cramps at night;
- Visibly varicose;
- The skin in the area of the calf acquires remarkable dark color. There are seals and possible occurrence of venous leg ulcers.
There are other symptoms of varicose veins:
- May be events in the popliteal fossa or the whole of the rear surface of the legs. If the legs of thickness or an excessive hairiness, the manifestation of varicose veins less noticeable;
- The veins can be easily palpable. With the defeat of varicose veins can be tortuous
- The Retina of varicose veins can disappear, if the patient is placed in horizontal and lift the legs. In the vertical position, the position of the body, the veins become thicker;
- You feel a strange heaviness in the legs, pain that stupid periodic convulsions. The patient may complain of a slight burning sensation in the legs;
- The foot may swell, mainly in the area of soft tissue.
The above were presented, the main symptoms of varicose veins. Varicose veins progress if does not start due to the treatment of varicose veins.
If the disease progresses, they may appear the symptoms of varicose veins, such as:
- Indurate (seals);
- Violation in the nutrition of the skin;
- The pigmentation of the skin on the legs;
- Sores.
If you have third-party symptoms of varicose veins, such as fever, weakness, – it is said that varicose veins is passed into the stage of complications.
The consequences of varicose veins
Varicose veins is not only an aesthetic problem of the legs. This disease is able to "hit" the heart. Varicose veins brings serious trouble and reduces the quality of life. If it lacks the quality of medical care, then the varicose veins will give serious complications, up to death.
The consequences of varicose veins:
- The formation of blood clots, as a result of stagnation of blood in the veins;
- The detachment of a blood clot and occlusion of the vessel coincides with its diameter;
- Thrombophlebitis;
- Pulmonary embolism (detached of a blood clot to the current of blood enters the pulmonary artery, which takes part in the movement to a small circle. If the diameter of a blood clot coincides with a diameter of trunk of this artery, may cause sudden death.
- Sores or eczema legs cause of eating disorders (interrupted circulation of the blood leads to a lack of oxygen in the tissue, which is the most important thing is the nutrition of the tissues of the body);
- Swelling of various parts of the body as a result of stagnation in the veins (they are soft, elastic, cyanotic color, their formation does not depend on the time of day, often formed in the area of the affected area);
- Dermatitis (inflammation of the skin in the affected area) due to eating disorders of this phase;
- The change in color of the skin in the area of the affected area;
- The estate of the subcutaneous adipose tissue in the area affected area because of the edema.
The diagnosis of varicose veins
- Functional tests (definition patency of the veins and their valves): Troyanova – Trendelenburg, Pratt, Shania and others. One of the most common test Troyanova – Trendelenburg with which the sick person, while being in a horizontal position, lift the foot on the 450, the doctor is stroking from the foot to the top (with the resulting empty the superficial veins), then it makes the beam on the upper part of the thigh and asks the patient to stand, a filling rate of the veins of the calf should be for more than 15 seconds;
- Duplex ultrasound of the veins is more informative method allows you to evaluate the flow of blood in a jar and see if the same vessel;
- The ultrasound is a technique in which it is evaluated only the flow of the blood in this vessel;
- Venography – injection of contrast medium intravenously for the study of x-ray paintings;
- The intravenous administration of radiopharmaceuticals and surveillance on a special device.
Treatment of varicose veins
To a certain treatment of varicose veins in the legs may depend on the degree of development of the disease. If it is only the initial stage, it is possible to use methods of treatment of the conservatives.
Methods of treatment of the conservative of varicose veins:
- The treatment of varicose veins drugs. This pills, creams, ointments;
- Wraps. Wearing a special compression clothing (stockings, bandages);
- Pneumo massage. Uses a special device, and is capable of activating the blood circulation, improve the trophism of the tissues, and significantly remove negative symptoms of varicose veins;
- The sclerotherapy. It is used when no removal of damaged veins can not do without. Injected into a vein medication, which can weaken the sick blood, which then disappear;
- Laser coagulation. Treatment of varicose veins, laser is one of the modern methods, which is performed under local anesthesia. The results of the laser treatment are visible after about a month;
- Physical therapy, namely the treatment of varicose veins things. This method is not conventional, but it is very popular.
The prevention of varicose veins
The prevention of varicose veins is essential for those who have close relatives (older generation) with the disease. Also, it is recommended a preventive treatment varicose veins people with excess weight, pregnancy, and even certain professions, where time must stand.
Lead an active lifestyle and plenty of exercise. Help especially hiking, to strengthen the legs, which makes them more resistant.
There are a few guidelines to avoid the development of varicose veins:
- If the time on his feet, it is a good idea to periodically go beyond and stretch your toes;
- Office workers (sedentary work) it is appropriate to periodically put your feet up on the desk. In this way it is possible to improve the outflow of blood from the veins of the lower limbs;
- If you use a footrest, it is possible to reduce the pressure on the foot during the session;
- Periodically lift your toes. You can relieve the tension of the muscles of the legs and improve the flow of blood upward;
- Several times a day you do a workout of the whole body.
In addition, the use of a compression garment, which helps a lot in the prevention of varicose veins.
If, instead, we observe a slight degree of varicose veins, it is necessary to avoid the following:
- wear high-heeled shoes;
- intake of oral contraceptives, which are able to worsen the situation;
- obesity and excess weight;
- eat sharp, salty and fatty foods;
- wearing heavy suitcases and bags;
- hair removal wax;
- long warm baths;
- baths and saunas;
- smoking, drugs, alcohol;
- self-medication.